AIDS Essays - HIVAIDS, Health, Pandemics, Medicine, Womens Health

AIDS AIDS is short for: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. It is a serious condition in which the body?s defenses against some illnesses are broken down. People with AIDS develop many different kinds of diseases which the body would usually fight off quite easily. AIDS is caused by a virus called HIV, which is short for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. HIV can be passed on because it would be present in the sexual fluids and blood of infected people. If infected blood or sexual fluid gets into your blood, then you will become infected. If a man with HIV has vaginal intercourse without a condom, infected fluid could pass into the woman?s blood stream through a tiny cut or sore inside her body. This can be so small that you don?t know about it. If a couple has anal intercourse the risk of infection is far greater. HIV can also be passed on by sharing equipment used to inject drugs. Blood can remain on needles and syringes. If you share, and a person infected with HIV used the needle first, the virus can be injected directly into your blood. Some people think that AIDS is something that other people need to worry about like, gays, drug users, and people who sleep around. These ideas are mistaken. All young people need to take the threat of HIV seriously. The most effective way of fighting this deadly virus is to be educated about the disease and avoid activities which are risky. During the past decade , more than 400,000 individuals in the United States have been diagnosed with AIDS. Officials from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported that the number of deaths from AIDS in the U.S. has dropped by a record 47 percent. Officials attributed the reduction to an extremely effective combination drug treatment that allows people infected with HIV to live longer and healthier lives. Unfortunately, no such decline occurred in the number of new HIV infections in the United States. The infection rate remained at about 40,000 new cases a year. Although the U.S. has a great deal of AIDS cases, it doesn?t even come close to the numbers of cases that are in Africa. Of the 30 million people worldwide with AIDS, 21 million live in Africa. More than 16 percent of South Africa?s 40 million people are infected with the HIV virus. The infection level among South Africans between the ages of 20 and 30 already is approaching 20 percent. New infections are being reported at a rate of 1,500 a day -- two-thirds of them among 15 to 20 year-olds. Health experts say this means that the age group once thought to be the most receptive to AIDS awareness messages already is heavily infected. Although HIV is running rampant in South Africa, too many people here do not understand or believe how deadly it is until it is too late. Since late last year, the government has made AIDS prevention a high-profile priority, and last week President Nelson Mandela spoke about the AIDS crisis in his state of the nation address. Some people believe only the prostitutes get AIDS. Some men glorify the virtues of fat women in the mistaken belief that only thin women can transmit AIDS. Some women believe that AIDS can be gotten rid of by giving it back to the source of the infection. HIV has infected more than 16 percent of South Africans and may create as many as 2 million orphans by 2010. Polygamy, cultural morals, and a lack of education make the fatal disease particularly hard to control. In closing, it is clear that AIDS will persist. Millions more are likely to become infected with HIV, and many, if not all, are likely to die of the disease unless effective treatments or a cure is found. Until this happens, the most effective way of fighting this deadly virus is education about its spread, and preventive ways to shorten the epidemic.

HOW THE NEW ENGLAND COLONIST ALTERED THE ENVIORNMENT essays

HOW THE NEW ENGLAND COLONIST ALTERED THE ENVIORNMENT essays How the New England Colonists` Altered the New England Environment In Changes in the Land, William Cronon points out the European colonists` pursuits of a capitalistic market and the impact it had on the New England ecosystem. Native Americans and colonists had different views on the use of land resources. The Natives viewed the land as something not owned, but as a resource to sustain life. They believe in a hunting-gathering system, hunting only when necessary. In the long run Native Americans lost their old traditions and were forced to adapt to the colonists` traditions in order to survive. This change contributed even more to the alteration of the ecosystem during the colonization period. In contrast, colonists viewed the land as capitalistic market in which they used more of the land resources without taking into consideration that one day they would run out of resources. Before the colonists arrived in New England land resources were in abundance. The only ones to use these resources were the Natives, but the type of resources they used where divided in regions. Northern Indians lived entirely as hunter-gatherers, while the Indians south of the Kennebec River raised crops. (p.38) Even though the Indians used a large amount of the land resources it had very little affect on the land because of techniques in which they regained some of the land resources each season. The Southern Indians changed their farming spot each season; this actually allowed the land to recuperate and become fertile once more. Rather than raising crops all year the Indians only planted in March and June. They also used their fields to plant more than one crop; such crops included corn, beans, squash, pumpkin, and tobacco. Grain made up half of their diet; this gave the natives an advantage because grain could be easily stored for the winter. They also planted crops that fertilized the land with resources that were lost with the p...

Determinants of Belonging to a Union Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Determinants of Belonging to a Union - Essay Example Determinants of Belonging to a Union This study establishes that an average person who never attended college and lives outside the South and the Central City earns an average hourly rate of $7.57 has a probability of 0.61 of being unionized. This is because the overall available jobs are not as abundant as they are within the city. It is also presumed that, the black peoples are likely to be in unions than the white counterparts. In addition, persons with low wages tend to align themselves to unions. This study intends to test all these assumptions and examine a model of the determinant factors of belonging to a union. SAMPLE This study uses a data set of 1,876 individuals. 25 % of this populace belongs to a union. The minimum and maximum age of this sample is 34 and 46 years respectively. The average age for this sample is established to be 39 years. The samples attributes include 65% married, 24% divorced and 11% never been married, 24% are graduates, 42% live in the south, 30% in the central city while 71% in an SMSA. In addition, 28% are black. It is significant to note that, the levels of education of the sample vary significantly. The average grade attained in high school and college is 13. Majority of the people f orming a sample comprises of those without education to grade 18 of education. The average wage per hour in this sample is $7.57. The wage variance is significant. The average work experience of the sample is 12.8 years, which include persons who have, worked between 0.1 years to 29 years. This study examines the correlation amid variables. It is observable that, the marital status and the unions are dependent variables. This is indicated by (never married ?2 = 4.6, df= 1, P?0.05, single verses married: ?2 = 5.3, df-=1, P?0.05). On the contrary, the general anticipation that more than expected single individuals are unionized. They include divorced and those never married. On the other and, less tan anticipated married individuals do not belong to a union. Similarly, the variables living in the central city, south and in an SMSA and being unionized are dependent. This survey reveals that, less than expected populace of the South are unionized (?2 =41.96, df=1, p? 0.001); more than t he anticipated populace of a central city are unionized (?2= 17.8, df=1, P?0.001) and more than the anticipated SMSA inhabitants are unionized (?2= 11.2, df=1, P?0.001). The presumed assumption of more than the anticipated black people belong to unions attestable (?2= 12.5, df=1, P?0.001). In addition, the race and being unionized are dependent of each other. The survey indicates that the correlation between age and being unionized is not significant (t=-0.52, df=1874, P?0.05). The grade attained have a highly significant correlation with being unionized (t=-3.75, df=708.47, P?0.001).This implies that, the members of the union have between grade 13 and 14. In addition, the correlation between wage and being unionized is highly significant (t=-6.65, df=1874, P?0.001). A union member earns an average of $8.68 compared to a non-unionized employee’s hourly wage rate of $7.2. The study further examines that, the correlation between the total number of years of experience and being unionized is highly significant (t=-2.32, df=1874, P?0.05). Similarly, the re is insignificant difference between experience of a non-unionized member and a unionized member. It is notable that, the average number of years of experience for a non-unionized member is 12.7 while that, of a unionized member is 13.2. The other fundamental aspect is the wage difference across the races. It is notable tat, the

The power of Sovereignty Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The power of Sovereignty - Research Paper Example Inequalities in the exercise of power and disregard to justice are even more evidenced in the political scene in various regions around the world today. Such always stem from the need to advance once own course by ignoring and disregarding other people who they consider rather inadequate. Stigall, Blacksley and Jenks argue that an interesting scene is always created where people especially the government authorities always insist on maintaining their rights while at the same time violating and stepping on the rights of their own subjects. (Stigall, Blacksley and Jenks, 2009). This is a common occurrence experienced with most of the sovereignties around the globe today. The aspect of exercising single handed rule on the subject population is mostly experienced in dictatorial countries such as Syria, Egypt, Iraq, alongside other Arab countries famous for dictatorial cases. This is contrary to what Hobbes refers to in his social contract theory, leaving the state of nature and looking a t the advancement of one’s own course at the expense of the others in the territory (subjects). According to the social contract theory, it is those in higher social ranks who seem to deserve their rights while those of the lower social ranking are often considered incapable of demanding for any form of rights. As a result of this, their rights are always abused in a bid to preserve those of the power in the society. This paper will look at the effects of electing a sovereign with regard to the protection of state rights and the protection of the people under this rule with reference to the Arab countries and democracy in these regions. Hobbes proposes in his theory that the election of a sovereign in any state always results in the creation of the state of nature in the regions under the control of the sovereign (Saul, 2008). This theory, I think does not hold enough water in as much as I know and believe given the many atrocities which have been experienced in many of the A rab countries such as Syria and Egypt in the recent past. Having the sovereigns in these states has done nothing much other than inflicting a lot of troubles and augmenting the rise in cases of inequalities in these states. These happen as the sovereigns strive to uphold their own rights at the expense of the other citizens. Many people have succumbed to death in these countries as they try to protest to regain their rights. The question in this case therefore is whether this is what Hobbes refers to as the creation of a state of nature. The state of nature according to my understanding with regard to the social and political contexts is when the ruling authority strikes a balance with the citizens under her rule to allow the participation and full regard of the subjects in state affairs. It is far from having the central government designing and deciding on every aspect of leadership. The contrary is however the truth in most of the sovereign ruling systems as in the cases of Syria and Egypt we have mentioned above. Brown and Hamzawy note that â€Å"The tragic developments in Lebanon and Palestine- all with weak or failed state institutions- have enable Arab democracy pessimists dismiss easily any talk about positive political reforms as the fantasy of the western well- intentioned humanists- or misguided ideologues- who do not understand the real

Petroleum Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Petroleum Technology - Essay Example It was named the ExxonMobil's Fast Drilling Process (FDP). The technology has significantly increased drilling rates and reduced downtimes as it uses of real-time, computer analysis of the drilling system's energy consumption (AZo Network). ExxonMobil was able to do this through a proprietary software that creates computer models of deepwater platforms that increases accuracy of the design. FDP has shown success in exploration although its performance improves in a variety of conditions such as hard and soft rock, deep and shallow wells, and low angle wells. "The key benefit of the FDP is that it quantifies the hidden cost of slow drilling" and allows the company to alter the design to suit the objective theoretical performance in a specific well (AZo Network). The FDP is one of the innovations made by ExxonMobil together with technologies such as the deepwater mooring technology, made possible by a computer program that "determines how much weight can be shared between the drilling vessel and the anchor boats as they set out each line" (ExxonMobil).

Our Definition And Personality Theology Religion Essay

Our Definition And Personality Theology Religion Essay Earth is a mere planet in our thought to be an ever expanding universe. Many scientists have been able to identify some of the codes that build our universe and give it an identity based on laws of physics, chemistry and biology. Moreover, we humans are part of that space and time, and each one of us can resemble his own universe and act according to his own laws. Nevertheless, what factors govern the way we act or who we are? In addition to that, what are the factors that we build our character and personality on? A persons personality can be defined as his/her identity that is comprehended by the way we act, speak, think and believe. Ones identity is a result of numerous factors that can be categorized under sexual decisions, personal experiences, impact of travelling, participation in society and religion, and connection to origins. The factors of identity are many, but sexual beliefs have almost the most powerful effect on a persons identity. As we saw in The Diaries of Adam and Eve, ones gender reflects much on the character and personality of oneself (Twain 363-78). Since the beginning of the human race, the first aspect that determined each persons identity was his/her sex. Sex is a broad topic and has maintained much attention since Eve came into Adams world. The way we perceive life truly depends on our gender. Girls tend to view life in a loving and soft manner in contrast to males that believe in being tough and masculine. Our gender plays an important role also because of the way society looks at each gender. A female is required to act in certain ways as Mai Ghoussoub describes in her text Missed Opportunities: Me and My Gender: you play with boys, you enter their classrooms, obtain better grades than many of them and then you are asked to obey them or accept the inequality that places them above you ( 396-401). Moreover, today possibly the most talked about subject in the Arab world is sex before and after marriage. Starting with males, sex before marriage is encouraged and counts as a plus on a mans CV for marriage. Since it is impossible to know if a man has had sex before marriage, he has been granted that privilege and is free to do what he wants. However, a woman having sex becomes marked. Before marriage, she becomes a social outcast and viewed as a shame to society, but after marriage she is honored to be giving her husband that special gift called virginity. These gender discriminations most definitely affect ones identity since we are all free to do what we feel is right. Ones decision about choosing to confer to the inequality of genders or rebel against it or having sex before or after marriage is highly anticipated in the society we live in, and as soon as we decide what to do, we would add one more building block to our character or more importantly to our identity. We grow up in different environments and are introduced to different things at different times and conditions. Our story is similar to that of Eves as described in The Diaries of Adam and Eve by Mark Twain (363-78). We are all born in to this world clear of thoughts and ambitions, but as we grow up we get acquainted with our surroundings and discover the world around us. Being newly introduced to this world, we tend to question everything and formulate our own understanding of the nature we are brought into. According to the empiricism theory, our entire knowledge depends on the experiences we undergo, but there is a question on the table today; do our genes determine our personality and identity? Berkeley, a British empiricist, believes that The mind operates upon the ideas given to it, comparing or contrasting them; it does not merely record what is there (Hamlyn). Hence, we can observe that ones identity is strongly related to the experiences he/she witnesses in life. In addition to that, a person is influenced by other people as well. Furthermore, ones actions are in a relation to the surrounding environment and depend on the conditions found in it (Hamlyn). The people we encounter in life influence our thoughts and the experiments that we base our hypothesis on. As we saw before, personal experiences have a major effect on a persons identity and travelling is one of the most impacting experiences one can witness. Travelling around the world introduces the individual to all the different cultures and traditions that define others identities. This creates a wider range of knowledge on which we construct part of our identity. People who travel often try to go back to their origins in a later time in their life; the farther they are from their homeland the more they feel the need to connect to it. In House of Stone, Introduction: Bayt we witness how the author developed a deep connection with his grandfathers old house although he has travelled far away. He still appreciates the presence of the house and shows passion and regret to how he left his town and his roots. To him, the house is his identity, and had he not travelled, he would not have realized its great importance (Shadid 95-99). In Shadids text we see how travelling can make one reali ze his own identity, but there is a downside to everything. In Downtown Beirut- A City of Ghosts? the Lebanese people are invaded by new ideas and cultures to the extent that their land has lost its identity. Beirut became a place for everyone except the Lebanese people (Mohsen 117-22). From what the article states, identity is related to the land where a being expresses his self in, by creating memories in it and a place to call home. Religion can be counted as the highest rank in personal experiences and due its major impact it can be considered a category of its own in defining identity. The true meaning of identity is rendered useless in a vacuum world. The answer to Fearons question what is your identity? may vary according to the situation and the surrounding factors. An example of multiple identities is the duality of light characteristics which is considered wave or a particle depending on its current situation in nature. Therefore identity is the definition of the characteristics of an object associated with its surrounding (Fearon). By comparing light to humans we can clearly see that each persons identity is defined by his relation to other people. What we do in society is the true meaning of our identity. Society has many situations that affect us, and religion has been around for more than a century. It is a path that everyone has to take at some point in his life and it imposes its own identity on the person by managing to take control of his decisions and actions. Since we already saw how personal experiences and our decisions affect our identity, it is obvious that religion is a major factor that plays a role in each part of the identity equation. Ones participation in society is the key to developing his identity relative to it and to the world; however, religion imposes restrictions that guides the person to a certain position in society and gives him a predefined identity. Our identity is not only related to the present time we live in, but also to the past that lead to our being. What our elders left for us or what is called our heritage is yet another factor of identity because it marks the objects that we begin to build our thoughts on and narrows down the possible paths we take in life. An example of heritage identity is observed in Anthony Shadids text House of Stone: Bayt where the house of Isber samara becomes the symbol of Shadids original identity and his homeland (95-99). Traditions also count as a subset of ones origins where they interfere with an individuals experiences and thoughts by guiding them along the track of their elders identities. Identity is a word used to describe an object whether it was a living human being or bloodless hard rock. It is a very general word with a very specific meaning and effect on the universe. Nothing is created to just fill space in this galaxy, and everything has a certain job it has promised to fulfill. We have categorized some factors of identity to be able to understand the concept more clearly, but after this analysis we can conclude that our identity is what we want it to be. In the end, identity is basically who we are and its factors build up in a chain reaction that we can control most of the times. We can choose to have sex, to travel, to experience what we want, to follow religious paths or not and whether or not to maintain a connection with our familys and societys past.

The Contrasts between Hayden and Stevens Essay -- Poetry Analysis

Both Robert Hayden’s poem â€Å"Those Winter Sundays† and Wallace Stevens’ poem â€Å"The Plain Sense of Things† describe different aspects of what defines house and home. Although a home can be a house, a house does not always mean a home. This difference, among other factors, correlates with how both poets play on the emotional undertones between a house full of people and a lone house in the woods. While Hayden seeks to describe how one’s house is a home because of a father’s love-filled action, Stevens delineates a house’s transformation from a home for people to a home for the natural world. Although the poets use two different tones for their respective poems, both define what a home could stand for. â€Å"Those Winter Sundays† depicts the speaker’s childhood memory of Sunday church mornings. The speaker explains that his father, despite having to work outside the rest of the week to provide for his family, would go outside early mornings to retrieve firewood to heat the home. Only when the heat from the fire would warm the whole house and he polished his son’s church shoes, would the speaker’s father wake the family from their slumber. No one showed their appreciation for this action that displayed the father’s love for his family. The speaker shows deep self-reproach from his indifference toward his father, which he concludes was from being young and naà ¯ve. In line 5 (â€Å"No one ever thanked him†) and in line 10 (â€Å"Speaking indifferently to him†) the speaker explicitly states that during those times he did not particularly care whether or not his father took the time to warm the house, polish his good shoes and then wake him up for church. At the time the speaker may have been fearful of his parents fighting, confrontation or yelling tha... ...s and downs. Both â€Å"These Winter Sundays† and â€Å"The Plain Sense of Things† set out to describe what the speaker feels a home is, whether it’s where one’s family is or where life resides in. Either poem takes intricate detail using the seasons to help reflect the underlying emotions of the poem’s voice along with standout lines that help the reader know what the speaker aims to say, why they say it and how they choose to say it. Hayden and Stevens do a nice job of conveying a certain sense without having to be boldly explicit. Works Cited Hayden, Robert. â€Å"These Winter Sundays†. Poems, Poets, Poetry: An Introduction and Anthology. Ed. Karen S. Henry. Boston: Bedford/St. Martins, 2010. 6. Print. Stevens, Wallace. â€Å"The Plain Sense of Things†. Poems, Poets, Poetry: An Introduction and Anthology. Ed. Karen S. Henry. Boston: Bedford/St. Martins, 2010. 8. Print.

The Equal Rights Amendment

The Equal Rights Amendment was a proposal written in 1921 by Alice Paul, who was the founder of the National Woman’s Party. It was designed mainly to invalidate many state and federal laws that she felt discriminated against women; its central underlying principle was that sex should not determine the legal rights of American men or women. This proposed amendment to the U. S. Constitution stated that â€Å"Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex† and also that â€Å"the Congress shall have the power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article. The amendment was first introduced to Congress in 1923, soon after women in the United States had been given the right to vote. The U. S. Senate finally approved it 49 years later, in March 1972. It was then submitted to the state legislatures for ratification within seven years but, despite a deadline extension to June 1982, was not ratified by the required majority votes from 38 states. It would have become the 27th Amendment to the Constitution. Even though the ERA gained ratification of 30 states within one year of its approval by the Senate, escalating intense opposition from conservative religious and political organizations brought the ratification to a standstill. The main objections to the ERA were based on fears that women would lose privileges and protections such as exemption from compulsory military service and combat duty and economic support from husbands for themselves and their children. Among the opponents to the ERA, was a woman by the name of Phyllis Schlafly, a St. Louisan known for her opposition to the women’s liberation movement. She earned a law degree from Washington University and earned a master’s degree in political science from Harvard University. She worked as a researcher for several Congressmen in Washington, D. C. , and ran unsuccessfully for Congress herself in 1952 and 1970. She was largely opposed to the ERA as she believed that the amendment would require women to serve in combat, and because it would also take away legal rights of wives and would negatively influence family life. Schlafly also argued that the amendment would lead to unisex restrooms and the depravation of rights for women to not take a job, to keep her baby, and to be supported by her husband. She became a leading opponent of the ERA through her lobbying organizations such as Stop ERA and Eagle Forum, and by testifying against the ERA before 30 state legislatures. Advocates of the ERA, led primarily by the National Organization for Women (NOW), held that the issue was primarily economic. The position of NOW was that many state and federal laws amounted to sexual discrimination which perpetuated a climate of economic dependence among women and that laws determining child support and job opportunities should be designed for the individual rather than for one sex. Many advocates of the ERA thought that the failure to adopt the proposal as an amendment would cause women to lose many gains and would give a negative attitude to courts and legislators regarding feminist issues. Alice Paul, who I mentioned earlier as a proponent for the ERA, was a national leader of women’s suffrage movement, and founded National Woman’s Party. Public and equal justice for women was the basic entirety of her political goal. She was also involved with the militant wing of the English suffrage movement. She founded what was later to become the National Woman’s Party, which incorporated methods that originated in England to the struggle to pass the suffrage amendment. During WWI, she picketed the White House to protest against a government that she said, promised to make the world safe for democracy while denying half of its citizens the right to vote. Alice and others who were involved in this protest were arrested and imprisoned. She was very proud of the success of her efforts in getting the Nineteenth Amendment ratified in 1920, granting women the right to vote. But for her the ability to vote was not enough to guarantee women’s equal rights and she decided to concentrate her efforts for the ERA. Introduced in 1923, the Equal Rights Amendment finally passed Congress in 1972 but there it stopped as it failed to win ratification. Although it failed to become ratified by congress, currently since 1985 the ERA has been reintroduced into each session of Congress and held in Committee.

Integrated Patrol v. Traditional Policing Essay Essays

Integrated Patrol v. Traditional Policing Essay Essays Integrated Patrol v. Traditional Policing Essay Essay Integrated Patrol v. Traditional Policing Essay Essay 1. The 14-month consequences are impressive. What are the major factors for this success The protocol that Chief G is seeking to implement with his constabulary force is called intergrated patrol. How does this attack comparison to the traditional theoretical account of jurisprudence enforcement? The integrated patrol scheme brings a community-oriented construct of patroling into drama. which offense bar and decrease attempts are applied in larger countries. instead than concentrating specifically on a group of people within a peculiar location. The incorporate patrol scheme. besides calls for more enhanced fact-finding processs. It besides stresses the importance of information sharing between bureaus. This is proven to help in effectual solutions to work outing offenses and path tendencies and forms. As a consequence these stratigiesto strengthen relationships between bureaus. . In comparision the traditional enforcement scheme responded to offense after the fact. and merely concentrated on a certain state of affairs or offense. The traditional scheme is missing when it comes to making more organized and strategic programs for the force excercising it. The strategic planning is critical in saying the overall constabulary mission. You might look at incorporate patrol as a one squad. one fight’ construct. While the traditional manner of making things. is every adult male for himself. point of position. Resistance in this state of affairs will most likely come from Sam. He has worked for the force for 26 old ages. He started as a round bull and has earned his manner to the place he presently holds. He believes in hionesty. equity. and seting in your clip toi earn your chevrons. Respect from Sam must be earned non given on first intrioduction automatically. Sing as how Sam has spent 26 old ages of his life working his manner to the place he holds now it is likely to presume that he wouldn’t appreciate person trade name new to the force being out into a place of any sort of his degree without first gaining it. So Sam will hold a natural opposition to allowing any other officers investigate becauser her believes once more that you have to gain the right to be an investigater. We can get the better of Sam’s personal struggles with the ideals we want to put Forth by reassuring him that he heads that section and the descision on who will be look intoing will still finally be his. Equally good as the fact he should be told this is a test and if it is non to work out so no injury no foul. The least resisitance in this scenario I believe will be coming from Peter. I believe he isn’t seeking to throw up any sort of opposition at all. His chief figure one end it seems to me is to hold an copacetic well organized and good runing force every bit good as. He is smart plenty to cognize that opposition against this thought from head would non alter the courser of action that the head would necessitate him to get down on but merely do struggle and possible demerrits for him. He welcomes this alteration and looks in front to get down the test with a positive and hopeful attitude that this new intergrated patrol will win with their force merely as it did with the experiment force they tested it with.

The Great Gatsby Total Analysis Essays

The Great Gatsby Total Analysis Essays The Great Gatsby Total Analysis Essay The Great Gatsby Total Analysis Essay Perhaps F. Scott Fitzgeralds greatest work, The Great Gatsby is not only a great story, but an insight into the flaws of real life during the Roaring Twenties. His book has been considered by many a symbol for the Jazz Age, a time of extraordinary wealth and promise, but Fitzgeralds novel is much more than that, presenting the truth behind the twenties and creating an atmosphere which has earned a permanent place in American literature. Fitzgeralds novel works on many different levels, giving us unforgettable characters and events on one, as well as referring to the problems of American wealth and spirituality on another. However, what is the main point of the book? And most importantly, what on earth is that mysterious green light? Those questions, as well as many others will be answered in this analysis, which will discuss the underlying meaning and symbolism behind The Great Gatsby. I didnt call to him, for he gave a sudden intimation that he was content to be alone he stretched out his arms towards the dark water in a curious way, and, far as I was from him, I could have sworn he was trembling. Involuntarily I glanced seaward and distinguished nothing except a single green light, minute and far away, that might have been the end of a dock. When I looked once more for Gatsby he had vanished, and I was alone again in the unquiet darkness. (16) So ends the first chapter of The Great Gatsby and brings to our attention the first symbol in this book that mysterious green light. In our first acquaintance with the light, we see Gatsby reaching out for it, almost, in a way, worshipping it. We find out later that this green light is at the end of Daisys dock, and is a symbol for Gatsbys dream and the hope for the future. Green is the color of promise, hope, and renewal so it is fitting that Gatsbys dream of a future with Daisy be represented physically in the novel by this green light. Later, in the final chapter of this novel, Fitzgerald compares Gatsbys green light to the green breast of the new world (115), comparing Gatsbys dream of rediscovering Daisy to the explorers discovery of America and the promise of a new continent. However, Gatsbys dream is tarnished by his material possessions, much like America is now with our obsession with wealth. The means corrupt the end, nd Gatsbys dream dies because of Daisy, Gatsby, and Toms carelessness and superficiality, as does Gatsby for the same reasons. At the end of the first chapter we are given the green light, a symbol for the hope and promise of the future. At the beginning of the second chapter, however, we are introduced to the foul wasteland of the present. Fitzgerald calls it a valley of ashes (16), where only the eyes of Dr. T. J. Eckleburg lo ok over it from a billboard nearby. This section of the novel can be interpreted as the foul, material-driven world that the main characters live in, and which helps to destroy Gatsbys dream. The eyes of Dr. Eckleburg symbolize in this chapter advertising and materialism gone mad, one of the central themes of the plot. Later in the book, right before the climax, Daisy tells Gatsby that he reminds her of an advertisement. This statement confirms that Daisy does not like Gatsby for himself, but for the superficial illusion he represents. On a larger scale, it is through advertising that the material aspects of the American Dream are revealed. Hence, it only makes sense that Fitzgerald would use references to advertising throughout the course of his novel. Also in advertising, eternal youth, wealth, and beauty are constantly emphasized, which goes along with Gatsbys youthful dream of Daisy and explains why Fitzgerald never has to develop his characters. Fitzgeralds novel is only one big advertisement, with all the characters involved living with eternal youth, wealth, and beauty that never develop in part because advertisements never develop. Later on in The Great Gatsby, George Wilson, after seeing his wife die in a tragic car accident, gives the eyes of Dr. T. J. Eckleburg a whole new meaning. Wilson, a very non-religious man, compares the doctors eyes to those of God, watching over him through the foul dust and desolate wasteland in which the novel is set. This is only one of many religious overtones mentioned or hinted at by Fitzgerald throughout The Great Gatsby. At the end of the first chapter, we see Gatsby reaching out for the green light, almost in the attitude of a worshiper. This is the first suggestion Fitzgerald gives us that Gatsbys quest for Daisy is more than just a physical endeavor, but a spiritual one as well. During the flashback in chapter seven, when Gatsby first met Daisy, his mind is compared to the mind of God, which will never act the same again if he kisses her. A chapter earlier, Nick writes the following concerning why Gatsby changed his name: He was a son of God a phrase which, if it means anything, means just that and he must be about His Fathers business, the service of a vast, vulgar, and meretricious beauty. So he invented just the sort of Jay Gatsby that a seventeen-year-old boy would be likely to invent, and to this conception he was faithful to the end. (63) Gatsby, by changing his name, in a way creates himself anew, making his life more like that of God. In chapter eight, we find two instances of religious imagery. Daisy is compared to the Holy Grail and Gatsbys dream is like a knights quest, showing once again the dreams spiritual nature. Also in this chapter, we see Gatsby, after the car accident, looking over Daisy from her yard, trying to protect her. His watch over her window is compared to a vigil, and while Nick talked to Gatsby that night, he sensed that his presence was ruining the sacredness of the moment. However, Gatsbys vigil was over nothing Daisy was never in her room that night much like Gatsbys dream is over a nonexistent person. The Daisy he met and fell in love with years ago is not the same person anymore, and as much as Gatsby thinks that he can repeat the past, in the real world it is proven to be impossible. On one level, Fitzgerald gives us Gatsbys dream as a spiritual quest, but on another level, we find out that this is yet another reason why his dream fails. His faith is misplaced, because the object of his quest is nothing more than Daisy Buchanan. In turn, Fitzgerald is saying that the spirituality of America is misplaced because of our obsession with material wealth, which creates a sort of national delusion. When the early explorers first came to America, escaping the corruption of their old world in search of the promise of a new world, they traveled from east to west. Now, America itself is corrupted, so the characters in The Great Gatsby travel from west to east in search of wealth and sophistication leaving the moral values and stability of the west behind. It is this eastern part which is called a valley of ashes by Fitzgerald, a place where morals are left out and only superficial, material-driven people can live in peace. Fitzgerald uses this change in direction as a symbol for the deterioration of American ideals and the American Dream, helping to prove that our quest for wealth and sophistication is corrupting our culture, and causing us to live in a wasteland of morals an ash heap of civilization. All these previous symbols the green light, the ash heap, and the east and west have one thing in common: change. Change is apparent in both the action and the underlying meaning and symbols of the novel. From the basic storyline, we find three major instances of change. First, all major characters change where they live, with Tom and Daisy a prime example moving frequently from place to place throughout their life before arriving at East Egg. Also, Gatsby changes his name, which allows him to start his life from scratch and make it more like that of God all in the ultimate goal of attaining Daisy. And finally we have the changing of the seasons, which symbolically correspond to changes in the storyline during The Great Gatsby. On one level, Fitzgerald writes these elements of change in the action of the novel, but on another level, he hints at change symbolically. The green light is a symbol for hope and promise a hope that the ash heap of the present will change to that of a great future, where dreams come true and the American Dream is realized. Overlooking this ash heap of the present are the eyes of Dr. T. J. Eckleburg, which change in meaning throughout the novel. In chapter two, they symbolize materialism and advertising gone mad, showing how corrupt the American Dream and American idealism have become. However, later in the novel his eyes are compared to those of God changing their meaning to a more spiritual one symbolizing how American spirituality has been corrupted by our quest for wealth and material possessions. We also see a change in travel in Gatsby from the traditional east-west direction to the opposite movement from west to east which symbolizes the corruption in America today. People now move from stable, moral environments in the west to the lavish, highly superficial wealth of the east an east which is characterized by Fitzgerald as the ash heap of civilization. With all this change in The Great Gatsby, only one character changes throughout the course of the novel: Nick. Gatsby cannot change because his life is based on a dream he set for himself as a youth and Tom and Daisy cannot develop because their life is one big advertisement, living in eternal youth, beauty, and wealth. Nick however, changes a great deal throughout the novel which we see most prominently in two statements he makes. At the end of chapter three, Nick states: Everyone suspects himself of at least one of the cardinal virtues, and this is mine: I am one of the few honest people that I have ever known. (39) He later corrects this statement, during a conversation with Jordan Baker, saying: Im thirty. Im five years too old to lie to myself and call it honour (113). He develops enough in this story to realize that he is not above the rest of the characters, and is capable of lies and superficiality as well. What saves, or sets Nick apart from the rest, however, may have been his realization of his thirtieth birthday. At the climax of the novel, Nick kind of awkwardly throws in the fact (right in the middle of the big argument) that its his thirtieth birthday. However, this is actually a relevant detail for the conversation. The age of thirty is symbolic for the passing of youth or the passing of innocence. Hence, the turning point in Nicks life occurs simultaneously with the turning point in Gatsbys the termination of his youthful dream. Some could even say that Nicks character develops in that statement on that day alone with his passing of youth. It is fitting that Nick be the only character that Fitzgerald develops in The Great Gatsby, because as the narrator, Nick uses symbols of change to correspond to his own character development. All the following symbols in The Great Gatsby, when put together, give us the main theme or point that Fitzgerald is trying to make that American idealism and spirituality have been corrupted by material possessions and wealth. Gatsbys dream fails because of his material wealth he must possess to accomplish it. In this respect, Gatsby fails before he even begins showing the unforgiving nature of a land characterized by Fitzgerald as a wasteland of ashes. This ash heap is the present, the terrible time where The Great Gatsby takes place a time which all hope is lost for he future, and Gatsbys sacred green light becomes nothing more than just a light at the end of Daisys dock. Gatsby believed in the green light, the orgiastic future that year by year recedes before us. It eluded us then, but thats no matter tomorrow we will run faster, stretch out our arms farther †¦ And one fine morning So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past. (115) Ceaselessly into the past, because the future is far too grim to imagine. Hope is lost, but thats no matter, we will still keep trying and who knows, one day maybe we can accomplish

Modern Management Techniques Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Modern Management Techniques - Essay Example Site managers oversee either a whole sight or part of the many sights for larger schemes or they might be responsible for part of the project. Before the commencement of the project, the site management personnel are required to organize all the necessary facilities, prepare the sight, plan the work to be done and install the temporary work bases for workers (Johansen and Wilson, 2006). Most of the site managers are involved in the running of the project before the site development activities commence. Prior to the commencement of the project, the site managers are responsible for bridging communications between all the parties involved in the running of the project. They are required to enhance proper time management and ensure that all activities adhere to the set timescale once the project commences. They are required to be sufficiently flexible and able to manage any problems or delays that may be faced in the course of the project construction. Ranns and Ranns, (2005) assert tha t construction managers should also possess efficient skills to enable them to set the right priorities for the job and employ the necessary measures required for planning for safe construction. They are also required to preside over the communication roles with the external stakeholders. Role of Site Management Johansen and Wilson (2006) assert that despite the recent Government initiatives and the increasing expectations of the society, the theoretical roles of a site manager remain the same. They suggest that satisfying the high expectations of the society requires the managers to enforce the required strategies necessary for converting the theoretical measures into practice (Johansen and Wilson, 2006: 1309). Some of the responsibilities include ordering of new construction materials, ensuring that the site has the adequate workforce to complete the assigned task in time and preparation of reports and status updates for other senior managers. The site manager is also tasked with maintaining the safety of the workforce through ensuring that all the safety measures are adhered to and all the accidents or incidents endangering personnel life are reported to the necessary authorities for action. The manager should apply his or her competencies and expertise in the built environment to understand when changes to the original plans are required or the necessity of the projected completion dates. According to Hartley (2006), all these responsibilities cannot be ardently achieved if the manager is not present on the site; implying that site manager should personally scrutinize and delegate all the daily operations of a site. However, Griffiths (2004) posits that the recent technology has changed the management process whereby the manager can scrutinize the daily operation of a construction site online.  

Institutional Investments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Institutional Investments - Essay Example Last part of this article would highlight some of the tactics devised in order to control discount trading of investment trust. Summary at the end of this article would conclude this article. Investment Trusts Investment trusts are those types of companies, which are provided the domicile of United Kingdom such that they are listed in the London Stock Exchange. They mainly invest in the equities and securities of the companies across the world, which are listed in different stock exchanges (Redhead, 2008). These investment trusts are run by the panel of the independent directors who take care of the affairs of the investment trusts. Investment trusts are somehow different with the investment companies such that investment companies are domiciled outside the jurisdiction of UK such as Jersey or Guernsey (Redhead, 2008). Pricing of Investment Trusts The pricing of investment trusts are made based on a conceptual term named as Net Asset Value or NAV. Net asset value is the market value of all the investments held by the investment companies. Therefore, the market value of any investment trust is actually the NAV of the investments (Levy and Post, 2005). In case if the market value of the shares issued by the investment trust exceeds NAV, then this concept refers as the shares of the investment trusts are trading at a premium. ... This means that the shares of the investment trust are trading at discount. Very occasionally, it appears that the investment trust share is trading at a premium. The following discussion entails the factors that cause the investment trust shares trading at a discount. Investment shares trading at a discount can be regarded as one of the integral aspects that operate behind the performance of the investment trust. The measurement of the shares of the investment trusts can be made in two ways. Firstly, the share price of the investment trusts quoted at the stock exchange. Secondly, market value per share of the assets of those companies, which are held by the investment trusts. In this way, discount can be calculated by simply taking the difference between the price per share of investment trusts and net assets value divided by the net assets value. Principally, the discount is regarded as the function of demand and supply mechanism for the shares of the investment trust. However, the discounts, and specifically the fluctuations in discounts are more important and follow some basis rules, which help understand the problem of investment trust shares trading at a discount more consistently. In case if the discount rate increases, this indicates that there are more chances that the discounted shares will be priced higher in future. This suggests that the investment trust shares are quite attractive especially against those investment trust shares, which are currently trading at a premium (Baums and Buxbaum, 1994). However, this mechanism is not as easy and simpler as it appears, had there been such a potential in the discounted investment shares for a possible price increase, the whole market